Event

This paper proposes a new sociological theory of secularism by studying the rise of secular societies in cases transitioning to a secular state through revolution. For long, scholars assumed that modern revolutions result in secular states regardless of becoming democracies. This may not always be the case as revealed by current events. Secularization happens through political and cultural struggles. This research aims to explain the factors that lead to the emergence of a secular state and the dynamics that affects its stability.

Through a comparative and historical study of how institutions, ideology, networks, leadership and gender plays a role following the French Revolution in 19th Century, Turkish Secular Revolution after WWI (1919-1938), and in the second half of the Mexican Revolution (1920-1935); this dissertation aims to shed light on the struggles that shape the secularization process.